http://hdl.handle.net/11422/16 2026-07-30T02:37:29Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29857 Title: Uma apologia da virtude da justiça em Aristóteles Author(s)/Inventor(s): Gonçalves, Gabryela Schneider Advisor: Moraes, Francisco José Dias de Abstract: Aristotle's theory of virtues developed in his ethics is very vast and rigorous. The philosopher lists some essential virtues for human coexistence, and among them is the virtue of justice. This research aims to analyze the virtue of justice within the Aristotelian theory of virtues in order to understand why Aristotle repeatedly mentions it as the supreme virtue. We intend to establish a parallel with some ideas from the modern philosophical tradition so that our argument in favor of Aristotle's theory of virtues proves to be compelling against what we have inherited from modernity. Such a tradition has influenced the dynamics of contemporary sociopolitical relations, causing serious harm to us as a society. Therefore, we seek to make the Aristotelian virtue of justice a means of reflection for our way of conceiving our relationships. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Dissertação 2025-09-19T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29850 Title: A dimensão estético-educativa presente na fase inicial do pensamento de Nietzsche Author(s)/Inventor(s): Peixoto, Enock da Silva Advisor: Mendonça, Adriany Ferreira de Abstract: The title of this work is: The aesthetic-educational dimension present in the initial phase of Nietzsche's thought. It intends to investigate the possibility of finding in the first books of the German philosopher in question, a conception that encompasses life as an aestheticeducational dimension. The study will start from an understanding of existence itself assumed as art and aims to show how Nietzsche brings art, life and education together as inseparable expressions. The following approach will be based on: On the future of our educational establishments, conferences from the period in which the philosopher worked and thought directly about the problem of education. The text portrays the issue of youth education, a mistaken view of culture and the classics, the danger of controlling journalistic culture, but not explicitly on the artistic issue. The challenge will be to show that between the lines of the textual construction of this work by Nietzsche, an artistic mode of writing is already present, and mentions of the formative place of art as necessary to extrapolate the harmful controls of the State. The third movement will focus on the four books that Nietzsche called Extemporaneous Considerations: David Strauss, the confessor and the writer; Of the usefulness and disadvantage of history for life; Schopenhauer as an educator and Wagner in Bayreuth. The objective is to highlight an extemporaneous education and how it permeates art. In relation to David Strauss, we will study how the theologian Strauss is used by Nietzsche as a lens to see the decadent society of his time, as if it were a mirror that reflects the limits of a society that needed to develop a new faith to occupy the space of the old one. faith and exposes what is distant from an educational and artistic perspective. The second Untimely Consideration is within the context of criticizing the servility of culture in favor of politics. Nietzsche is concerned with the mistake that exists in transforming culture into an instrument of politics, into a servant of the State. When it is subjected to the constraints of institutions it no longer has a spontaneous character, becoming a business. In Extemporânea Schopenhauer as an educator we will see that Nietzsche's fellow countryman appears as a model educator. He managed to be his own guide. Schopenhauer is seen by Nietzsche, at this time, as an example of genius, as he appeared in society as an exception and, in this sense, we will evaluate how his singularity maintains a close relationship with art and training. The last analysis will be on the Fourth Untimely Consideration: Wagner in Bayreuth. In this work, analyzes of the artistic issue prevail, especially music; the purpose is to find formative aspects in it and, in this way, support the hypothesis that even in works where the theme of art is dominant, or in those where the theme of education prevails, in this initial period of Nietzsche's philosophy, such themes are intertwined. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Tese 2024-05-13T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29849 Title: Três faces da subcultura policial carioca Author(s)/Inventor(s): Oliveira Junior, José Augusto de Advisor: Vieira, José Jairo Abstract: In this thesis, using the historical comparative method and starting from a decolonial perspective, which was presented to us in the Postgraduate Program in Comparative History (PPGHC) at the Federal In this thesis, using the historical comparative method and starting from a decolonial perspective, which was presented to us in the Postgraduate Program in Comparative History (PPGHC) at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), we propose to shed light on the origins of three negative aspects of the Rio de Janeiro police subculture that today constitute a serious obstacle to the consolidation of the democratic state and the rule of law in Brazil. We highlight the deleterious influence of ideologies, paradigms, doctrines, and theories of a colonialist, imperialist, and racist nature, developed in Europe and the United States, which, throughout the republican period of Brazilian history, were imported, assimilated, reworked, and systematized to adapt to the national reality by organic intellectuals in civilian academic centers or in establishments of higher military studies, to later be operationalized by the repressive apparatuses of the State. We established as our geographical focus the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, especially the city of Rio de Janeiro, the former capital of Brazil (Federal District), then the state of Guanabara, and currently the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro, which was, and still is, the great "laboratory" for the implementation of ideologies, paradigms, doctrines, and theories of a colonialist, imperialist, and racist nature, developed in Europe and the United States, imported and reworked in Brazil, and implemented by the repressive apparatus of the State. Over time, these have become part of the Rio de Janeiro police subculture, notably racism, militarism, and the excessive and unlawful use of lethal force, encouraged by the state apparatus itself. Considering that the work of the historian presupposes the establishment of a temporal framework, we decided to adopt the distinct form of temporal thickness termed by the French historian Fernand Braudel, "the middle time," associated with economic and social history. We delimited the republican period of Brazilian history, between 1889 and 2025. We conclude by defending the idea that, in the same way as criminal organizations, police forces that reproduce social inequality, racism, homophobia, misogyny, and disrespect for citizens' rights in their actions are also a threat to democracy. The fight against crime also needs to be correlated with key issues for democracy, such as human rights and the constitutional guarantees of citizens. In this thesis, we conducted a comparative study of the implementation of the "whitening ideology" in Brazil and Argentina and its observable consequences today; of the political phenomena known as Florianism and Bolsonarism; of militarism and military dictatorships in Latin America; and of US influence in different Latin American countries in the context of the war on drugs. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Tese 2026-02-23T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29828 Title: Pensar a morte com os espíritos: a experiência negra na diáspora à luz das religiões de matriz africana Author(s)/Inventor(s): Cruz, Barbara Pimentel da Silva Advisor: Goldman, Marcio Abstract: Death appears as an unavoidable part of the Black diaspora experience, since it is inevitably rooted in slavery, racism, and their consequences. This thesis seeks to explore other meanings when considered from the perspectives present in Africanbased religions, which were both at the heart of movements to create possible spaces of existence and the target of violent processes of existential annihilation. The central hypothesis is that thinking with the presence of spirits changes everything: if death is a movement toward the total destruction of the other, it can also be understood in its dimensions of transformation and passage between different realms, traversed in different ways by various entities—orixás, voduns, caboclos, spirits, the dead, enchanted beings. In the resonance between ethnographic contexts, this work aims to elaborate the meanings and nuances of the idea of death when thought of in the presence of the entities that populate the universe of African-based religions and the discursive and non-discursive practices present in these communities. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Tese 2026-03-04T00:00:00Z