http://hdl.handle.net/11422/25228 Wed, 22 Apr 2026 16:14:01 GMT 2026-04-22T16:14:01Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/26352 Title: Eficácia da terapia oclusiva e penalização farmacológica no tratamento da ambliopia: uma revisão sistemática Author(s)/Inventor(s): Pereira, Júlia Reinbrecht Braga Advisor: Rodrigues, Márcio Penha Morterá Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This article presents an analysis of occlusion therapy and pharmacological penalization with atropine eye drops in the treatment of amblyopia. METHODOLOGY: A systematic review was conducted of clinical trials from the Amblyopia Treatment Study (ATS), led by the Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group (PEDIG), that address occlusion therapy and pharmacological penalization in cases of amblyopia. RESULTS: The studies demonstrate the efficacy of occlusion in treating amblyopia, with different treatment regimens adapted to the severity of the condition. Atropine penalization showed comparable results to occlusion in patients with moderate amblyopia, although adherence profiles and side effects were distinct. Additionally, occlusion proved to be superior to atropine in more severe cases of the disease. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the choice of treatment for amblyopia should be individualized, considering the severity of the case, patient adherence, and the effectiveness of the different therapeutic approaches available. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Trabalho de conclusão de especialização Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11422/26352 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/26350 Title: Perda de células endoteliais da córnea associada às cirurgias minimamente invasivas de glaucoma: uma revisão de literatura Author(s)/Inventor(s): Brun, Arthur Franco Advisor: Rodrigues, Márcio Penha Morterá Abstract: Objective: To review the literature regarding corneal endothelial cell loss (CEL) associated with minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS). Method: Literature review using the PUBMED database focusing on the different modalities of MIGS. Results: Trabecular MIGS in general did not show a significant increase in CEL in the combined surgery compared to PHACO (phacoemulsification) alone. The Hydrus implant associated with PHACO showed greater CEL than PHACO alone, with more patients presenting endothelial loss greater than 30%, but without a progressive increase in rates over time. Similarly, the implantation of the first-generation iStent suggests additional CEL when compared to trabecular MIGS techniques that do not involve implantation. Regarding subconjunctival MIGS, XEN associated with PHACO showed CEL comparable to that of PHACO alone, but showed additional CEL in evaluations at the 60-month follow-up, which may be associated with the presence of the device. PRESERFLO alone showed low ECL in some studies and no ECL in others. Regarding suprachoroidal MIGS, Cypass showed continuous ECL at 60 months of follow-up, with 27.2% of patients presenting ECL greater than 30%. MINIJECT showed low ECL at 60 months of follow-up, with no patients presenting a reduction greater than 30% during the period. Conclusion: In general, the MIGS included in this review showed good safety both as an isolated procedure and in combined surgery. Among trabecular MIGS, techniques involving implants may be associated with higher ECL. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Trabalho de conclusão de especialização Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11422/26350 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/26349 Title: Associação entre o uso de semaglutida e o risco de retinopatia diabética: uma revisão Author(s)/Inventor(s): Pedro, Rafaela Rached Advisor: Rodrigues, Márcio Penha Morterá Abstract: Objective: To review the literature regarding the association between the incidence of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and the use of Semaglutide. Method: This study utilized a systematic literature review methodology, focusing on the results of the SUSTAIN 1 and SUSTAIN 6 trials, as well as articles published between 2020 and 2024 in the PubMed database on the association between diabetic retinopathy and systemic use of semaglutide. Guidelines from the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the Brazilian Diabetes Society were included to support the analysis. Results: An association was identified between the use of semaglutide and an increase in microvascular complications, including a higher incidence of DR, vitreous hemorrhage, and blindness. The review also highlights experimental studies suggesting protective effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on the retina, although rapid glycemic control may initially worsen DR. The evidence indicates that the use of semaglutide requires caution in patients with DR, with recommendations for ophthalmologic monitoring before and during treatment. Conclusion: Semaglutide is effective in glycemic control and weight reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes, but its rapid action in reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) may increase the short-term risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, sustained glycemic control may reduce this risk over time. Given the high prevalence and impact of DR, it is essential for patients initiating semaglutide treatment to undergo regular ophthalmologic examinations, particularly those with a history of microvascular complications. Integrated follow-up care involving ophthalmologists and endocrinologists is crucial to optimize therapeutic benefits and ensure the ocular health of these patients. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Trabalho de conclusão de especialização Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11422/26349 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z