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O significado das vivências de jovens e adultos com diabetes mellitus tipo 1: contribuição para assistência à saúde.

Thu, 05 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: O significado das vivências de jovens e adultos com diabetes mellitus tipo 1: contribuição para assistência à saúde. Author(s)/Inventor(s): Souza, Carolina de Oliveira Baumgratz Advisor: Paz, Elisabete Pimenta Araújo Abstract: Study on the daily life of young people and adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus, developed in the philosophical and methodological framework of philosophical hermeneutics. The objectives were to understand the meanings of the experience of Diabetes Mellitus type 1 (DM1) for young people and adults in their daily life and health; to reveal the meanings of the care provided by health professionals to maintain health to young people and adults with DM1; and develop educational material in the form of a booklet with information for young people with DM1. Participated 15 young adults aged between 19 and 39 years old participated and to know the experience of this population with diabetes used the interview as a technique to obtain testimonies. The content analysis was carried out with the aid of IRaMuTeQ software, and based on the theoretical framework of philosophical hermeneutics by Hans-Georg Gadamer. From the analysis, emerged eight Units of Meaning that reflect the understanding of participants about their experience with 1DM in adulthood: 1) Receiving the diagnosis brings impact and apprehension; (2) Accepting the changes imposed by DM1 is a gradual maturing process; (3) Support for care management generally comes from family members and friends; (4) The work environment in the context of DM1; (5) Challenges imposed to maintain care and preserve health; (6) Feelings related to care with health professionals; (7) The health system and its impact on the lives of people with DM1; and (8) Meanings attributed to the condition of being a person with Diabetes Mellitus type 1. The existential analysis showed that throughout their trajectory with DM1, young people and adults face tensions between being like others and taking care of them in an authentic way, especially in the face of social demands and the search for autonomy. The study revealed that diagnosis and prolonged coexistence with DM1 require constant renegotiations of meanings, which change throughout the phases of life, and involve both the body and subjectivity. The study also pointed out that the recognition of health care is an inseparable part of being what demands a sensitive listening by health professionals, in overcoming traditional prescribing practices, towards a care that considers the uniqueness of each individual’s life trajectory. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Dissertação

Infecção latente pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis em trabalhadores da saúde

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Infecção latente pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis em trabalhadores da saúde Author(s)/Inventor(s): Santos, Raphael Sampaio dos Advisor: Zeitoune, Regina Célia Gollner Abstract: The study analyzed the prevalence of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among healthcare workers at a federal university hospital in Rio de Janeiro. This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted with 228 professionals, using a sociodemographic, occupational, health, and exposure questionnaire, as well as records of the tuberculin skin test. Data were processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 21.0, and analyzed through bivariate tests using odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Pearson’s chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test, when appropriate, were applied, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. Higher odds of LTBI were observed among female workers (OR = 1.96; 95% CI = 0.8–4.5), non-white individuals (OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 0.8–2.5), older age groups (OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 0.7–2.3), those with longer professional experience in healthcare (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 0.6–2.0), multiple employment links (OR = 1.45; 95% CI = 0.8–2.5), and workloads exceeding 40 hours per week (OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 0.6–2.0). The nursing category presented significantly higher odds of infection (OR = 2.28; 95% CI = 1.25– 4.1; p = 0.007). Increased odds were also observed among workers with BCG scars (OR = 2.01; 95% CI = 0.5–7.4), those reporting BCG revaccination (OR = 2.87; 95% CI = 1.5–5.3), and those with diabetes or other comorbidities (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 0.40–4.70) or using immunosuppressive drugs (OR = 3.84; 95% CI = 0.3–43.0). A trend toward higher risk was identified among individuals with known occupational contact with tuberculosis cases (OR = 1.56; 95% CI = 0.6–3.5). Household contact showed a higher LTBI proportion (60.0% among exposed individuals) but without statistical significance (p = 0.344). Similarly, contact with patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis in the previous year slightly increased the risk but was not statistically significant (OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.6–1.8). Most participants (47.4%) reported inadequate workplace infrastructure, and 87.3% stated that PFF2/N95 masks were available; however, inadequate mask use showed no significant association with LTBI (OR = 1.39; 95% CI = 0.6–3.2) and was considered a confounding factor. Smoking was not associated with LTBI (OR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.30–2.60). The study enabled the training of nursing technicians in the administration and reading of the tuberculin skin test, as well as in the surveillance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The findings reaffirm that working conditions are structural and decisive factors for occupational exposure to the pathogen, constituting determinants of latent tuberculosis infection among healthcare workers. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Tese

Representações sociais da COVID-19 e repercussões para o cuidado de si e do outro

Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Representações sociais da COVID-19 e repercussões para o cuidado de si e do outro Author(s)/Inventor(s): Monteiro, Nicole Jucá Advisor: Ferreira, Márcia de Assunção Abstract: This thesis analyzes the social representations of COVID-19 among people who contracted and did not contract the disease, and their repercussions on self-care and care for others, in light of the Theory of Social Representations, in its procedural and structural aspects, and Michel Foucault's thought on care as an ethical and political practice of freedom. This is a qualitative, descriptive, and analytical study, based on the psychosocial framework of Serge Moscovici, developed with 146 participants residing in the Amazon Region. Data collection occurred through the Free Word Association Technique and semi-structured interviews, processed by the EVOC and Alceste software. The results revealed that the representations of COVID-19 are configured as dynamic, shared, and affectively invested constructions, sustained by collective memories of crisis, media discourses, and daily protection practices. In the central core, common to both groups, the elements of fear, anxiety, death, and pandemic emerged, expressing the tension between the biological and the symbolic. The disease was represented as an invisible and threatening presence that reorganized ways of feeling, interacting, and caring. In the procedural approach, it was observed that those who did not contract the virus mobilized representations anchored in scientific rationality and misinformation, reflecting a cognitive polyphasia marked by discourses of power, resistance, and moralization of care. Among those who experienced the infection, the body became a place of symbolic inscription, where falling ill also meant rediscovering oneself. Practices of hygiene, isolation, and vaccination were represented both as technologies of biopower and as ethical gestures of collective solidarity. The integration of the two approaches showed that self-care and care for others operate on multiple levels—cognitive, affective, and political—transcending the technical field of health and assuming the status of a social and moral practice. Thus, self-care revealed itself as a form of resistance and freedom, where the subject recognizes himself as part of a vulnerable and interdependent collective. In conclusion, the social representations of COVID-19 express the intertwining of knowledge, power, and subjectivity, configuring care as a relational and ethical practice, permeated by emotions, fears, and hopes. The research reaffirms the power of Nursing as a field for the production of knowledge about humanity and its ways of living and caring, proposing reflections and educational strategies that consider the individual in their biological, symbolic, and social totality. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Tese

Desenvolvimento de tecnologia emancipatória para a segurança do paciente em serviços de saúde mental: uma Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial no contexto hospitalar

Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Desenvolvimento de tecnologia emancipatória para a segurança do paciente em serviços de saúde mental: uma Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial no contexto hospitalar Author(s)/Inventor(s): Morais, Izabella de Góes Anderson Maciel Tavares de Advisor: Peres, Maria Angélica de Almeida Abstract: This study develops an emancipatory care technology aimed at patient safety in mental health services, focusing on the participation of psychiatric inpatients in the nursing handover process. It is a Convergent Care Research (CCR), conducted in the Integrated Mental Health Unit of the Brazilian Navy, involving nursing professionals as participants, with the purpose of articulating knowledge production and transformation of practice. The study began with a situational diagnosis that revealed communication gaps, lack of standardization, and limited patient inclusion in the handover process. Subsequently, a convergent care meeting was held, during which the team analyzed daily practice, discussed barriers and strengths, and collectively constructed the constitutive elements of a protocol for patient participation in this care practice. The results showed that when handover is conducted by nursing in a relational, dialogical, and person-centered manner, it assumes full emancipatory potential by integrating psychosocial dimensions, strengthening therapeutic bonds, and enhancing continuity of care. The analysis demonstrated that patient participation can expand autonomy, citizenship, and critical awareness, as well as reinforce care safety by reducing communication gaps and fostering shared responsibility in treatment. The technology produced does not add new tasks to the institutional routine; rather, it reframes an existing activity, transforming it into a practice aligned with contemporary guidelines for patient-centered care, capable of contributing to their safety. It is concluded that the protocol developed constitutes a viable, ethical, and innovative proposal to qualify nursing care in psychiatric inpatient settings, with potential applicability across different mental health services, fostering more participatory, ethical, and psychosocially aligned institutional cultures. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Tese