http://hdl.handle.net/11422/84 Mon, 20 Jul 2026 02:18:09 GMT 2026-07-20T02:18:09Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29513 Title: Avaliação ambiental comparativa de blocos de concreto e cerâmicos para alvenaria de vedação Author(s)/Inventor(s): Silva, Wilson Wanderley da Advisor: Morgado, Cláudia do Rosário Vaz Abstract: The construction sector has a relevant environmental impact due to the intensive use of natural resources, high energy demand, and associated emissions, with vertical enclosure systems playing an important role in this context. This study analyzed and compared the environmental performance of ceramic and concrete blocks used in masonry walls based on a critical review of twelve studies that applied the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology in accordance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards, considering different functional units, system boundaries, and impact assessment methods. The results indicate that no material can be considered environmentally superior in all analyzed scenarios, as concrete blocks generally present higher impacts related to Global Warming Potential, mainly due to Portland cement use and clinker production, while ceramic blocks concentrate their main impacts in the clay firing stage, which is strongly influenced by fuel type and kiln efficiency. Methodological differences among studies were also found to significantly affect the results and limit direct comparisons, although there is convergence regarding the identification of environmental hotspots associated with clinker production, clay firing processes, and thermal and electrical energy consumption, highlighting the relevance of LCA as a decision-support tool in the construction sector. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Dissertação Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29513 2026-02-06T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29512 Title: Avaliação dos efeitos da infiltração de concentrado de osmose inversa em um aterro sanitário Author(s)/Inventor(s): Ramos Junior, Waldyr Advisor: Campos, Juacyara Carbonelli Abstract: The increasing generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and its management is one of the major environmental challenges faced by society today. In this context, landfills represent the main solution for the final disposal of MSW in Brazil and worldwide, although the leachate generation is an inherent byproduct of this practice and requires appropriate treatment. Reverse osmosis (RO) stands out as one of the most efficient technologies in this context, but it generates a residual stream known as reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC), the disposal of which remains a challenge. Among the alternatives for managing ROC, infiltration into the landfill body is the most widely adopted practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ROC infiltration in a large landfill located in northeastern Brazil, consisting of two units: a decommissioned (Landfill A), currently in the post-closure care phase, and an operational (Landfill B). The RO system is installed at Landfill B, and its ROC is directed for infiltration into Landfill A. Data from four years of monitoring of rainfall, leachate production, infiltrated volume, and the physicochemical characterization of the leachate from Landfill B and its ROC were analyzed. In addition, six sampling campaigns were conducted over one year for the physicochemical characterization of the leachate from Landfill A and the ROC from Landfill B. The results indicated that ROC infiltration did not significantly influence leachate production at Landfill A, which was more strongly affected by rainfall. The one-year monitoring of leachate from Landfill A and ROC showed a strong correlation between chloride values in the leachate and the following parameters in the ROC: chloride, conductivity, DOC and TAN. ROC conductivity also showed a strong correlation with COD, DOC and TAN in the leachate. However, the results of the Mann-Kendall test did not indicate any upward trend in these parameters in the leachate from Landfill A. Thus, it is concluded that, under the studied conditions, the infiltration of ROC into a decommissioned landfill did not contribute to an increase in leachate production. Furthermore, although a strong correlation was observed between certain leachate parameters and the ROC, no increasing trends in these parameters were identified in the leachate generated at Landfill A. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Dissertação Wed, 08 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29512 2026-04-08T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29509 Title: Aplicação de metodologia de simulação hidrodinâmica de redes urbanas de drenagem pluvial para padrões desordenados de ocupação do solo e relevo: estudo de caso de microdrenagem na bacia do Rio Camarajipe – BA Author(s)/Inventor(s): Oliveira, Victoria Silvia Guimarães de Advisor: Rezende, Osvaldo Moura Abstract: The disordered occupation of land and the lack of adequate stormwater drainage infrastructure in Brazilian cities exacerbate flooding, making it essential to develop methodologies to understand and mitigate these impacts. This study analyzes the use of a hydrodynamic simulation model to design and assess the behavior of surface stormwater runoff and underground microdrainage networks in an urban area characterized by rugged, steep topography and disordered urbanization, using as a case study a sub-basin of the Camarajipe River, in Salvador (BA). The research employs geoprocessing, highresolution topographic data analysis, and the quasi-two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation software MODCEL, allowing the identification of areas susceptible to flooding and drainage failures, as well as supporting the design of a microdrainage system considering the complexity of the region. The methodology includes the delimitation of sub-basins, modeling of project conception stages, and adaptation of the model to the specific characteristics of the area, considering the influence of structures such as draining stairways, walls, and artificial barriers on the runoff. It was found that the use of hydrodynamic modeling combined with geoprocessing significantly improves the analysis of hydraulic behavior in densely and disorderly occupied urban areas, contributing to the formulation of more effective strategies for flood mitigation and hydraulic design of microdrainage systems. The findings reinforce the need for planning that considers the complexity of the urban environment and its topographic particularities, providing support for more assertive and sustainable interventions in stormwater drainage infrastructure. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Dissertação Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29509 2025-03-31T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29507 Title: Análise numérica da estabilidade de talude natural sob diferentes condições pluviométricas e de fraturamento do maciço rochoso subjacente Author(s)/Inventor(s): Gomes, Stéfany Cristina Costa Advisor: Mendonça, Marcos Barreto de Abstract: The city of Petrópolis, located in the mountainous region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, is highly susceptible to landslides triggered by intense rainfall, due to its steep relief, geological–geotechnical characteristics, and unplanned urban occupation. In this context, the present study aims to assess, by means of transient numerical flow modelling, the influence of rainfall conditions and rock mass properties on the stability of a slope representative of Monte Florido, in Petrópolis/RJ, composed of residual soil over fractured rock. The simulations were performed with the RS2 finite element software, considering the unsaturated behaviour of the soil and the Shear Strength Reduction (SSR) method to determine the factor of safety, expressed by the Strength Reduction Factor (SRF). Seven rainfall scenarios were analysed, defined from different temporal distributions and probabilities of occurrence of landslides representative of the municipality, as well as three rock mass permeability conditions (k = 1×10⁻³, 1×10⁻² and 1×10⁻¹ m/s), representing different degrees of fracturing. The results indicated a progressive reduction in the factor of safety over time, with greater loss of stability in scenarios of intense rainfall and in rock masses with higher hydraulic conductivity. The increase in pore pressure at the soil–rock interface was decisive for instability, concentrating shear deformations in this region. In more permeable rock masses, possible numerical inconsistencies were observed, whereas for lower permeabilities the model showed a coherent and gradual response, with an orderly reduction in the factor of safety and physically consistent behaviour. Despite the numerical limitations observed, the study has the potential to improve the identification of critical conditions and timing of instability and to support more robust analyses for landslide prediction. Publisher: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Type: Dissertação Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11422/29507 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z