Relação das características obstétricas maternas, óbito neonatal e modalidade de parto no Brasil, 2012-2014

Abstract

The Caesarean section is one of the three most common delivery modalities. However, surgical deliveries without a specific medical indication can influence the increase in maternal and neonatal mortality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the profile of births performed in Brazil and possible sequelae resulting from the modality, according to maternal obstetric characteristics. Data were available through the Live Birth Information System and the Mortality Information System. The T-Student test, the homogeneity test (ChiSquare statistics), Crude Odds Ratio, Adjusted Odds Ratio (via logistic model) and Classification Tree methods were used to this end. A differentiated behavior was observed in the profile of births through cesarean and vaginal modalities. The profile of pregnant women submitted to cesarean section provided indications that the choice of the type of delivery is associated not only with clinical as well as with socioeconomic factors. There is strong evidence that cesarean deliveries were performed indiscriminately without reasonable obstetrical justification and above the recommended level. Groups that have obstetric characteristics that are not indications for the surgical act need to receive more attention, for the awareness and mobilization of vaginal deliveries.