Perfil epidemiológico e fatores associados à reincidência de acidentes de trabalho com exposição a material biológico em um hospital federal: Rio de Janeiro, 2007 a 2014

Abstract

The work accident with exposure to biological material is an aggravation of mandatory notification throughout the national territory and involves exposure to blood or other potentially contaminated body fluids during the exercise of work. The occurrence of these accidents among professionals of health has been discussed in several studies, especially with regard to the risk of transmission of the HIV virus and hepatitis B and C. At the Federal Hospital of State Servants (HFSE) it has been observed the occurrence of accidents of work with exposure to biological material in various professional categories and the occurrence of multiple accidents for the same professional (recurrence). In this context, the objective of the study is to analyze the profile of professionals who suffered work accidents with exposure to biological material, reported in the HFSE from 2007 to 2014, and factors associated with recidivism. The methodology comprises a study of secondary HFSE databases (local and SINAN records of the Occupational Health Service). The initial descriptive analysis was performed with the Epi Info 2000 program and identified two groups: professionals with a single accident, and with two or more accidents in the period. The analysis of factors associated with recidivism was performed by the multivariate analysis model (logistic regression) with the SPSS 18 software. 1024 accidents were notified the results pointed to 739 (72.2%) accidents in women; age group between 21-30 years with the highest frequency of accidents 542 (53%); 645 (63%) completed higher education; 376 (36.7%) public servants statutory. As for the circumstance of the accident, 211 (20.6%) occurred during surgical procedure, 186 (18.2%) during venous/arterial puncture and 105 (10.3%) inappropriate disposal. The professional category of medical residents presented the highest frequency of accidents 314 (30.7%), followed by nursing assistants/technicians 261 (25.5%). There were 332 (32.4%) cases recidivists, 197 (59.3%) with three or more accidents. the proportion of residents among repeat offenders was higher than among non-relapsers (44.6% vs 24%; p<0.00001). The percentage of women among repeat offenders was 244 (71.5%) versus 495 (73.5%) in non-relapsers. The age and length of experience of were significantly lower among repeat offenders versus not. repeat offenders (6.6±0.9 versus 8.9±0.8 years; p<0.007). After adjusting for sex, age, working time and professional category, an association was observed. significant between recidivism and the resident physician category (OR=2.53; 95%CI:1.81-3.53), and for females (OR=1.38; 95%CI: 1.01-1.90). Concludes that the study contributed to the knowledge of this profile in the HFSE and could guide prevention strategies, highlighting the association between the category resident physician and the recurrence of the accident.