Trilhando os caminhos da humanização da assistência: uma revisão da literatura sobre educação em saúde em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal

Abstract

The technical-scientific advances added to the actions developed in the area of ​​perinatology have guaranteed a greater chance of life for babies previously considered unfeasible for science. However, along with this technological advance is the question of how professionals working in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) have been updated and prepared in the face of this advance and how parents and family members of high-risk babies are prepared to remain in these NICUs with their children in the least traumatizing way possible, promoting the humanization of care for high-risk NBs. In order for this question to be answered, we had as a definition of the object of this study: The Brazilian scientific production on educational interventions developed in NICUs. And its objectives are: To verify the Brazilian scientific production on educational intervention programs and/or educational activities carried out in NICUs; Describe the methodologies used in educational intervention programs and/or educational activities carried out in NICUs; To analyze the changes that occurred in the unit after carrying out the educational intervention programs and/or educational activities. This is a descriptive and exploratory literature review. Brazilian publications referring to educational intervention programs and/or educational activities in NICUs were searched in the VHL database. As a final result, 15 articles were found on the subject, of which only 2 spoke specifically about educational interventions developed in NICUs. In this way, it was verified with this research that the production on the subject is still incipient, which suggests the educational practice being poorly developed in the NICUs. It was also possible to identify innovative training in health education, such as distance education, which aims to expand the public that is interested in receiving these interventions. The research recommends the implementation of educational interventions in the neonatal intensive care environment as a way of training professionals and providing guidance to parents. These interventions must always be guided by problematizing methodologies and must start from problems faced in the reality of the subjects.