Avaliação de impacto fiscal dos parques em nível municipal: Parque Nacional Serra do Gandarela e Parque Nacional Boa Nova

Abstract

This research evaluated the impact of parks created after the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC) was established in 2001 on the socio-economic structure of municipalities with up to 200,000 inhabitants. The objective was to verify whether these parks influence local economic development, using the Serra da Gandarela National Park (Rio Acima, MG) and the Boa Nova National Park (Boa Nova, BA) as cases. The hypothesis is based on the idea that the parks could boost the economic development of the surrounding populations. Using the synthetic control method, it was estimated how municipal taxes would have evolved if the parks had not been created. The results gave different signals. In the case of Boa Nova, the hypothesis was confirmed, indicating economic benefits. However, in the case of Serra da Gandarela, there was a reduction in tax revenue, suggesting that the impacts of parks depend on the local context and the way they are implemented and used by the community.