Sabões e detergentes: um tema social e ambiental para o ensino de química na perspectiva da alfabetização científica

Abstract

This dissertation describes a project involving the theme Soaps and Detergents, its environmental and social aspects. It was developed together with students of all high school grades, before / after school classes, of the state network of Rio de Janeiro, at Colégio Estadual Hélio Rangel school located in Jardim Primavera, Duque de Caxias. The ample school space, the problematic community lack of water associated with handling by the use of the Soap in that water and the pursuit by an attractive methodology for students motivated the developed project. Its goals stands out the critical and conscious citizens formation with the environment, the academic formation of high school and the motivation to the search of the chemistry area knowledge. The base of this methodology work is science teaching, on the three pedagogic moments proposed by Demetrio Delizoicov and José André Angotti. They are the moments of the initial problematization, the knowledge organization and knowledge application. The research is based on the theoretical references according to the authors Attico Chassot and Paulo Freire. The resulting product of the developed project is a didactic sequence for teachers use with their students. Initially, it is quest for student’s knowledge about the theme. The experiments are developed and the necessary concepts are presented. Lastly, it is compared with the students’ initial knowledge. The results point out that the methodology encourages them. The students become more active, more participative and more motivated by the pursuit of knowledge and they notice the importance of that knowledge in their daily.