Análise preliminar e caracterização da Bacia hidrográfica do Rio Carioca com o uso de geoprocessamento para futuros projetos de requalificação fluvial

Abstract

Located in the South Zone of Rio de Janeiro, the Rio Carioca is an example of an urban river that crosses preservation and urbanization areas, with a large part of its route channelized and underground. The characterization of the basin, using geoprocessing, made it possible to identify the different areas of the territory, including dense residential areas, leisure areas and the Tijuca National Park, which is essential for the preservation of the rivers’ springs. However, the characterization also reveals the problems faced by favelas and urban communities, such as the lack of basic sanitation, which contributes to the inadequate disposal of sewage and solid waste directly into the river. This results in poor water quality, especially at the Rio Carioca’s mouth, at Praia do Flamengo. In addition to the poor water quality of the Rio Carioca, the distance between the population and the river was identified as another main problem. Therefore, river rehabilitation was chosen as a way to solve these problems. The characterization of the Rio Carioca Basin carried out using geoprocessing provided the base information to carry out the first three stages of river requalification: identification of problems, definition of objectives and indication of solution guidelines. With the results obtained, it is possible to visualize future river requalification projects for the Carioca River, using this study and other existing projects for the revitalization of the region as a basis.