Definições das Áreas de Interesse Primordiais (AIPS) de vulnerabilidade social relacionadas à suscetibilidade a movimentos de massa e inundações na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Capivari: município de Campos do Jordão (SP)

Abstract

The mass movement and flooding processes are common to the dynamics of tropical regions. Studies that cover this topic, focused on the risks and susceptibilities of areas, support the understanding of the interrelationship between man and the environment within the scope of Geomorphology. From this perspective, this thesis aimed to define the Areas of Primary Interest (APIs) based on the degrees of social vulnerability and the relationship with the susceptibility to mass movements and floods in the RibeirãoCapivari Hydrographic Basin (RCHB), in the municipality of Campos do Jordão (SP). Methodologically, the research was structured and developed based on the analyticalintegrative method that consisted of crossing geomorphological and geologicalgeotechnical maps to identify the susceptibilities to mass movements and flooding, classified as Very Low, Low, Moderate, High or Very High. To measure social vulnerability, the analytical-integrative method was used, using the distribution of values as a tool and support mechanism, later classified as Low, Moderate or High vulnerability. To this end, four sociodemographic indicators were used from the Demographic Census (IBGE, 2022): total population, demographic density, situation and type. Based on this context, the areas of High and/or Very High susceptibility to mass movements and flooding and high vulnerability were superimposed to define the Areas of Primary Interest (API1 and 2). The results indicated that the RCHB is considered, for the most part, to be of Low to Moderate susceptibility to mass movement processes and of Very Low to Low to flooding; the predominant social vulnerability is Moderate. Seventeen census sectors were identified as Areas of Primary Interest, with emphasis on the neighborhoods of Britador, Jardim Márcia and Vilas Albertina and Santo Antônio. The analytical-integrative method proved to be efficient with the adoption of multiscale bases and final mapping at a scale of 1:25,000. The results obtained, including the identification of areas susceptible to mass movements and floods, social vulnerability, and APIs, constitute important academic contributions, planning and public policies, and support for Disaster Risk Management (DRM).