Sistemas solares fotovoltaicos integrados à rede em instituições multi-sedes: uma abordagem técnica a partir do estudo do projeto IFRN-Solar

Abstract

The use of photovoltaic solar technology is increasingly widespread and consolidated worldwide, gaining significant space in Brazil. Thanks to records of gradual price decreases and the construction of legal frameworks favorable to their diffusion, urban and rural residential consumers, service companies, industries and the government are progressively adhering to the use of this technology. In this context, it is important that institutions and companies with multiheadquarters discern whether it is more advantageous, from both a technical and economic point of view, to disperse photovoltaic systems throughout all of their headquarters or to centralize them in the offices presenting the best energy efficiency. The present study aims at answering this question. To this end, indicators recorded in the IFRN-Solar Project implemented by the Rio Grande do Norte Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, in Brazil, where 2 MWp of photovoltaic solar energy are installed in 21 of its 23 headquarters, were evaluated. The PVWatts software, energy measurements at the different plant installation locations and technical performance parameters recurrent in the literature, as well as the Discounted Payback Method were used herein. The results indicate that system centralization in the best-evaluated sites (7 campi) will, in 25 years, provide a 2.75% energy supply gain, a 155.96% financial gain and a payback reduction of 9.4 years when compared to the alternative comprising generation unit dispersion throughout the 21 campi.