Avaliação financeira e de emissões de gases de efeito estufa de sistemas de baixo carbono na agropecuária no Brasil

Abstract

This dissertation sought to evaluate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, financial results and abatement costs related to the intensification of livestock production in the Brazilian Midwest at three different production scales. The intensification strategies evaluated include semi-confinement, confinement, and integrated crop-livestock (ILP, in Portuguese) systems. Initially, the baseline and the intensification strategies had their technical parameters established and the GHG emissions calculated. Subsequently, production costs, revenues and financial indicators related to the baseline and intensive strategies were determined. This step was followed by the calculation of the GHG abatement cost of livestock intensification. The baseline strategy recorded the largest GHG footprint. All intensive strategies showed a reduction of at least 45% of GHG emissions per kg of carcass, with the ILP strategy having the lowest GHG footprint. When accounting for the organic carbon stored in the soil, this reduction became even greater. On the small scale of production, only the ILP was more profitable than the baseline, Extensive System. However, on medium and large scale, all intensive strategies recorded higher profits. The reduction of GHG emissions per product and the higher profits made possible negative GHG abatement costs in the medium and large scale of production.