Utilização do método analítico hierárquico (AHP) na reclassificação de áreas vulneráveis aos eventos de inundação para o Município de Areal, RJ

Abstract

This study evaluates the applicability of the Analytic Hierarchy Process integrated with Geographic Information Systems for reclassifying flood-vulnerable areas in Areal-RJ, a city in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro State, severely affected by the January 2011 disaster. Remote sensing data, digital elevation models, meteorological series, and socioeconomic indicators were integrated into a multi-criteria methodology that hierarchized six conditioning factors through pairwise comparison matrices. The main scientific contribution lies in the systematization of replicable procedures for municipalities with data limitations and incorporates social vulnerability as an analysis criterion. The comparison between the results demonstrated logical consistency and significant spatial agreement with CPRM mapping, especially in critical river confluence areas. The generated cartographic products support territorial management instruments and mitigation policies in accordance with the National Policy for Civil Protection and Defense. The methodological transparency and the use of public data with open-source software enable appropriation by municipal managers, strengthen preventive risk management, and contribute to the construction of resilient territories.