A estagnação institucional nas democracias liberais

Abstract

This research starts from the premise of a general dissatisfaction about the performance of typical institutions from liberal democracies. Based on this premise, we developed four movements. The first movement takes place in the description of a piece concerning the nor-mative nucleus of liberal doctrine available in democracies. This nucleus is presented throught its contemporary version of greater recognition, the rawlsian liberalism. The second movement presents the reader with different versions of contemporary criticism to this norma-tive nucleus, here we move from the most internal criticisms, like that related to intellectuals such as Michael Walzer and Susan Neiman to the most severe criticisms, such as that of the communitariam-republican philosopher Michael Sandel, the socialist-feminist Carole Pate-man and the revolutionary Domenico Losurdo. The third movement concerns the displace-ment of the discussion. Here we demonstrate the institutionalist aspects regarding the rawlsian liberalism and then add another fragment of the normative nucleus of the institutional imagery of liberal democracies: the institutionalist debate. We also present the way in which the liberal institutional imaginary was constituted in democracies heirs of the Truman Doctrine. The fourth and last movement addresses the challenge of theorizing the institutional emancipation of Latin American democracies, especially Brazil. To this end, we describe characteristics and events that revels the distance between the institutional imagery of the democracies of the North Atlantic and Latin America. The objective that runs through this research is to defend the need to explore aspects of institutional theory, in the Brazilian context, through philosophy.