Análise do contágio da dengue pós-pandemia da COVID-19 entre os anos 2023-2024 no Município do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped, spherical viruses belonging to the Coronaviridae family, composed of single-stranded positive-sense RNA. Their name derives from the crown-like spikes on their surface. Dengue virus (DENV), an arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family and Flavivirus genus, is transmitted by the female Aedes aegypti mosquito. It also has a spherical structure containing singlestranded RNA enclosed by proteins. As dengue is considered a reemerging disease, with a significant increase in cases in 2023 and 2024 in Rio de Janeiro, and because it presents symptoms similar to COVID-19, as well as the possibility of coinfection, this study aims to analyze prevention and mitigation strategies for dengue in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period, based on a comparison with the control measures implemented against SARS-CoV-2. A Pearson correlation (r) analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the Building Infestation Index (BII) and dengue incidence rate. The correlation coefficient obtained was r = 0.516, classified as moderate, indicating a proportional relationship between the two variables. The study highlights the need to continue research on infestation indices and, following the introduction of vaccination, to evaluate the impact of immunization on dengue incidence across programmatic areas. Future analyses should consider the social and environmental determinants that sustain vector proliferation and reinforce vaccination efforts, integrating epidemiological intelligence and biological vector control technologies.