Ensaio clínico randomizado comparando a terapia periodontal não cirúrgica com e sem associação com a terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana (APDT) no tratamento da periodontite

Abstract

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with low-level laser therapy (aPDT) has garnered interest as an adjunctive procedure to non-surgical periodontal treatment. The present study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of periodontitis treatment using non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) alone versus NSPT combined with aPDT. This is a randomized clinical trial (RCT) comparing periodontal clinical parameters: visible plaque index, plaque-retentive factors, gingival bleeding, probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, furcation involvement, and tooth mobility between non-surgical periodontal treatment alone and that combined with aPDT. The target population consisted of periodontitis patients selected from the Periodontics Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry at UFRJ. After a comprehensive periodontal clinical examination, research participants were randomly divided into two groups. One group received NSPT alone, while the other group underwent NSPT plus one session of aPDT: methylene blue (5 minutes) + 9J of red laser (660 nm). A total of 22 patients participated in the RCT, with a mean age of 57.86 years (SD ± 8.85), ranging from 41 to 79 years. Among this population, 50% were female. The results demonstrated that TPNC, whether combined with photodynamic therapy or not, showed significant improvement in the periodontal clinical parameters studied: visible plaque index (p 0.001), gingival bleeding (0.0001), probing depth (0.007), bleeding on probing (0.0001), and calculus (0.001). No statistical difference was observed between the treated groups.