O significado das vivências de jovens e adultos com diabetes mellitus tipo 1: contribuição para assistência à saúde.

Abstract

Study on the daily life of young people and adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus, developed in the philosophical and methodological framework of philosophical hermeneutics. The objectives were to understand the meanings of the experience of Diabetes Mellitus type 1 (DM1) for young people and adults in their daily life and health; to reveal the meanings of the care provided by health professionals to maintain health to young people and adults with DM1; and develop educational material in the form of a booklet with information for young people with DM1. Participated 15 young adults aged between 19 and 39 years old participated and to know the experience of this population with diabetes used the interview as a technique to obtain testimonies. The content analysis was carried out with the aid of IRaMuTeQ software, and based on the theoretical framework of philosophical hermeneutics by Hans-Georg Gadamer. From the analysis, emerged eight Units of Meaning that reflect the understanding of participants about their experience with 1DM in adulthood: 1) Receiving the diagnosis brings impact and apprehension; (2) Accepting the changes imposed by DM1 is a gradual maturing process; (3) Support for care management generally comes from family members and friends; (4) The work environment in the context of DM1; (5) Challenges imposed to maintain care and preserve health; (6) Feelings related to care with health professionals; (7) The health system and its impact on the lives of people with DM1; and (8) Meanings attributed to the condition of being a person with Diabetes Mellitus type 1. The existential analysis showed that throughout their trajectory with DM1, young people and adults face tensions between being like others and taking care of them in an authentic way, especially in the face of social demands and the search for autonomy. The study revealed that diagnosis and prolonged coexistence with DM1 require constant renegotiations of meanings, which change throughout the phases of life, and involve both the body and subjectivity. The study also pointed out that the recognition of health care is an inseparable part of being what demands a sensitive listening by health professionals, in overcoming traditional prescribing practices, towards a care that considers the uniqueness of each individual’s life trajectory.