Microrredes elétricas : uma proposta de implementação no Brasil

Abstract

Since its first applications in isolated systems to the present day, the microgrid’s concept has evolved to a broader functional concept, which involves its integration to the electrical system, being able to operate in parallel or islanded to the grid. Issues such as increased penetration of intermittent renewable distributed generation and energy security have stimulated their research and development in some countries. Many studies, related to technical issues, have pointed out their potential advantages, not only to consumers but also to distribution companies and society as a whole, however, few studies and projects concerning demonstration and commercial development programs for microgrids exist outside of laboratories. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of microgrids at the present time, presenting some of the technical, regulatory, economic and market challenges that these should face and how they could be overcome in order to achieve their greater penetration into the Brazilian electricity system. It is worth noting that in the market challenge some new microgrid business models are being proposed in the microgrid’s literature. In addition, for the Brazilian case, the analysis of the viability of the implantation of a microgrid at the Technology Center of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro is included, in order to carry out this analysis, the available resources and some characteristics of the mentioned center was quantified.