Análise de evacuação de navios de carga em situação de incêndio a partir de simulação computacional baseada em fatores humanos

Abstract

Throughout history, offshore accidents involving high percentages of fatalities have shown that an effective evacuation is the last line of defense to avoid catastrophic results. The growth in the number of passenger ships with capacity for thousands of people has driven evacuation issues to the center of attention of the naval sector. For almost two decades, the guarantee of sufficient time for people on board cruise ships to be safely evacuated has been foreseen in regulations. However, such certification is not required for merchant shipping cargo ships, although the development of the oil industry and globalization have produced a significant increase in the number of casualties in accidents involving this type of vessel. It is intended to demonstrate through this research that existing and widely used computational models in passenger ships can be adapted for application in cargo ships, helping to assess risks and the complex decision-making process inherent in evacuation in emergency situations. Throughout this document, it will be evidenced that the development of specific standards for cargo ships, with guidelines regarding evacuation analyzes still in the design phase, can be supported by the latest generation of commercially available software, recommending prevention rather than mitigation.