Estudo teórico-experimental de um concentrador solar cilíndrico-parabólico

Abstract

A theoretic-experimental study was developed for a cylindrical parabolic focussing collector east-west axis oriented, associated with a heat storage tank. The prototype consists of a metalic thin sheet reflector (2m² surface, 0.25 focal length) and two concentric pipes: a receiver tube (steel black painted) and an exterior glass tube wi th the following nominal diameters 25.4 and 52mm. The thermal storage vessel has a capacity of 90 l, and the working fluid is water flowing at a rate of 200 l/h inside a l" steel piping. All the system was isolated with a glass wool. The prototype was submitted to various testing solar insolation condutions, wind speeds,ambient temperatures. For a fixing rate of flow of the working fluid, several temperatures were measured as follows: inlet and outled fluid temperature in the receiver tube, bulk fluid temperature in the storage vessel, medium surface temperature in the receiver tube (in two points). An energy balance in the concentrator gives a non-linear equations system representing its behaviour during direct insolation daily variation. The solution was obtained using an iterative algorithm. Using the same insolation conditions it was made a comparison between the theoretical and the experimental data, and the results showed that the model represents with good accuracy the considered system. ln the theory other parameters were considered besides the ones used in the constructed prototype, in order to generalize the study. Also, the theorétical model was used to simulate the behaviour of the system for other dimensions (concentration factors, tube receiver lengths). For these aims it has been utilized the Dogniaux direct insolation deterministic model. The good accuracy of the results obtained from the prototype and the model shows that the developed the oretical study can be used to design and to simulate the ehavior of a cylindrical parabolic focussing collector increasing the concentration factor and receiver tube.