Avaliação do processo ensino-aprendizagem sobre suporte básico de vida em um grupo de estudantes do ensino médio de uma Escola Federal

Abstract

Many articles have described the effectiveness of teaching Basic Life Support (BLS) for high school students, however, we have not identified articles that also teach pediatric BLS. Ob- jective: to evaluate the teaching-learning process about BLS in a group of high school stu- dents, to check if their knowledge and skills in BLS improve after the pediatric and adult BLS course, and to check if there is exposure to pretests would improve the results of the post- tests. Methods: 161 high school students from a brazilian federal school received a theoreti- cal-practical course with video class and simulation class in Pediatric and Adult BLS including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) using the automatic external defibrillator (DEA) and choking unblocking maneuvers, divided into two groups (A and B) paired by gender, year and grade of admission to the school. Group A was subjected to pre-tests and post-tests with a questionnaire and practitioners with checklists, while group B only did the post-tests. The theoretical assessment consisted of a multiple-choice questionnaire designed for this study and the practice included skill checklists for CPR and choking maneuvers. They also filled out a course identification and evaluation form. Results: The group A (n:76) and B (n:85) had similar characteristics. There was a significant gain in BLS knowledge and skills in all pre-tests for group A post-tests compared to pre-tests (P <0.001). Both groups had similar results in the post-tests, except for the Heimlich maneuver, in which group B was superior to A (P:

0.04), but the reason for this was not clear. Approvals in the CPR post-tests for groups A and B were similar (P> 0.05) with the respective values of 26% vs. 25% in babies, 67% vs. 61% in children and 54% vs. 60% in adults. Learning in baby CPR was less than in child and adult CPR (P<0.05) secondary to more errors in the initial approach and chest compressions in baby CPR. There was a positive correlation between rescuers weighing 50 kg or more and high- quality chest compressions in adults (P: 0.03), but there was no correlation of this weight range with high-quality chest compressions in babies and children with (P: 0.3). Conclusions: there was a significant gain in BLS knowledge and skills after the BLS course. Exposure to the pre-test did not leave the results of group A better than group B in the post-test. Learning was lower in baby CPR compared to child and adult CPR (P <0.05) secondary to more errors in the initial approach and chest compressions in baby CPR. Group B had a better result in the Heimlich maneuver than group A, but we did not found any clear reason for this. There was a positive correlation between rescuers weighing 50 kg or more and high-quality chest compressions in adults.