Caracterização das iniciativas municipais de pagamentos por serviços ambientais no Brasil

Abstract

This article aims to characterize the municipal experiences of payments for environmental services (PES) in Brazil, discussing its existence and permanence. The study analyzed data from the Municipal Basic Information Survey (MUNIC-IBGE) for 2012, 2017, and 2020. The findings indicate that the number of municipalities with PES programs has increased but have been discontinued. Various factors were identified that influence the establishment and continuity of PES programs, such as the size of the municipality, its location in the Center West, Southeast, or North regions, and the presence of a Municipal Council, and an Environmental Fund. The study suggests that the success of PES programs depends on local circumstances, including environmental governance at the municipal level. These findings help explain why the potential resources estimated in the literature for PES are significantly higher than the actual volume of projects implemented in Brazil.