Doença falciforme na adolescência: um guia prático para graduandos em odontologia

Abstract

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a hereditary genetic disorder with significant physical, psychological, and social implications, particularly during adolescence, a critical period marked by the transition from pediatric to adult care. In Brazil, SCD has a high prevalence, especially among the Black population, making early diagnosis through neonatal screening essential to reduce complications. The disease is characterized by abnormal red blood cells, leading to chronic hemolytic anemia, recurrent vaso-occlusive crises, and increased susceptibility to infections, with systemic repercussions. This practical guide was developed to provide Dentistry undergraduates with an overview of SCD in adolescence, addressing its definition, pathophysiology, clinical complications, epidemiology, diagnosis, pharmacological management, as well as the relationship between oral health and SCD, its impact on the stomatognathic system, and specific considerations for dental care.