Filogenia da subfamília Corydoradinae (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae)

Abstract

Phylogeny ofthe subfamily Corydoradinae (Siluriformes : Callichthyidae) Corydoradinae, comprising the genera Aspidoras, Brochis and Corydoras, constitutes about 90% of the neotropical catfish family Callichthyidae, a well-defined monophyletic group. A phylogenetic hypothesis within the subfamily is erected with basis on 58 characters, encompassing those proposed by REIS (1993) to define Corydoradinae and its monophyletic units. Monophyly of Corydoradinae is confirmed, as well as for Aspidoras and Brochis. Two major clades compose the subfamily, one with Corydoras species more closely related to Aspidoras than Brochis, and other with species closer to Brochis. These features contrast with the previous hypothesis considering Brochis and all Corydoras species in a monophyletic assemblage and Aspidoras as its sister-group. A clade composed of Aspidoras, C. habrosus, C. paleatus, C. ehrhardti, C. nattereri, (C. hastatus group, C. nanus group, C. elegans, C. undulatus), (C. ellisae, C. ornatus, C. prionotus, C. reticulatus, C. stenocephalus, (C. septentrionalis (C. barbatus group, C. blochi, C. acutus)) is defined by the presence of odontodes on infraorbitals and preopercle, and by an angled free border of opercle. Another clade, (C. flaveolus (C. arcuatus (C. punctatus group (C. triseriatus (C. garbei (C. aeneus (C. eques (C. rabauti group + Brochis)))))))) is defined by the lack of odontodes on opercle, homoplasic with Corydoras hastatus group. Some classification proposals are discussed.