O papel da estampa didática na formação artística na Academia Imperial de Belas Artes: O acervo do Museu D.João VI

Abstract

This work focused on assessing the importance of teaching European prints of the nineteenth century in art education at the Imperial Academy of Arts and analysis of the collection of these prints from the Museum D. João VI, of the School of Arts UFRJ. Besides having contributed to the artistic education, these prints had the importance of showing in Brazil works of arts by European masters. The study aims to present part of the collection of prints of MDJVI and historical relevance of your use in didactic teaching drawing at the Academy Brazilian. In particular, this research analyzed techniques, themes and forms of the human figure, which was used as the basis for improving the design. The analysis showed that education at the Academy had a systematic, rigorous and standardized approach, through the practice of copying works of classical antiquity and of the old masters. It is also concluded that the didactic prints that now form the Museum's collection D. João VI was used in the initial design of instruction, in a sequential method of teaching, divided into three major steps: copies of prints of sculptures of classical antiquity, from the anatomical parts to the whole body; copies of prints of compositions of old masters; and, finally, copies of prints from live models.