Avaliação das práticas de terapia nutricional enteral e parenteral em recém-nascidos de uma unidade neonatal

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate nutritional therapy practices in newborns at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a public maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal observational study where data were collected from newborns admitted to the NICU in 2016. Time to start parenteral and enteral trophic nutritional therapy, time to reach full enteral nutrition, type of diet at the beginning of trophic enteral nutrition and at discharge from the NICU, in addition to the relationship between birth weight and nutritional therapy practices. Results: Trophic enteral nutrition started on average at 24.42 (SD +20.23) hours and the average time to reach full enteral nutrition was 10.0 (SD +5.51) days. Newborns with birth weight below 1500g had a longer hospital stay (p=0.0002, longer time on oxygen therapy (p=0.009), longer time to start enteral nutritional therapy (p-0.005) and to reach of full nutritional intake (p=0.010).The predominant type of feeding at the beginning of NT and at discharge was mixed breastfeeding (50.8% and 55.4%, respectively). TN at the Institution are in line with what is proposed in the literature, however, it is necessary to strengthen actions to support and promote breastfeeding in this group.