Utilização da actigrafia na avaliação da qualidade do sono em adultos com dermatite atópica

Abstract

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disease that causes sleep disturbances, worsens quality of life and impacts in work productivity. However, few studies have been conducted on sleep in adults with atopic dermatitis. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate sleep, quality of life and work productivity in adults with AD. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 36 adults diagnosed with AD and 21 healthy volunteers (controls), who completed questionnaires on sleep, itching, quality of life and work productivity. Disease severity was estimated using SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD). All participants wore actigraphy watches for one week to objectively assess sleep quality. Results: Adults with AD slept worse than controls as measured by self-report (Global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, mean ± SD, 9.33± 3.59 vs. 5.00± 2.30, p<0.001) and by actigraphy (sleep efficiency, SE), mean ± SD, 74.48± 11.63 vs. 85.6 ± 6.53, p<0.001). Actigraphy showed that adults with AD slept on average, almost one hour less (p=0.010), stayed awake during sleep for almost 44 minutes more (p<0.001), and woke up 25% more than the controls (p= 0.047). In the AD group, SE and total sleep time were significantly inversely correlated with SCORAD (rs= − 0.601, p< 0.001 and rs = − 0.604, p< 0.001, respectively), but no significant correlation was found between itch and SE. A decreased quality of life was observed in adults with AD (DLQI, mean ± SD, 8.75 ± 6.7) and was observed that AD negatively impacts work productivity and daily activities. Conclusions: Adults with AD slept worse than the controls, had a diminished quality of life and work productivity was impacted by AD. Actigraphy is a useful tool to objectively measure sleep quality in adults with AD especially those with moderate to severe disease.