O impacto do sobrepeso e obesidade materna no desempenho lactacional

Abstract

A significant prevalence of overweight and obesity has been described among women of reproductive age and may be associated with gestational and obstetric complications, in addition to negatively affecting breastfeeding. The objective of this article was to review the knowledge available in the literature, as well as to support the development of intervention measures that improve breastfeeding performance among overweight or obese women. This is a literature review study, in Medline, Lilacs, Scielo databases, of articles published in the last 17 years. The authors report that overweight women. pre-gestational obesity and excessive gestational weight gain present difficulties in breastfeeding, whether at the beginning, during its duration or in both cases. Excess maternal weight can compromise breastfeeding due to low prolactin production in response to the infant's suckling in the first postpartum week. In addition, infants of obese mothers may have difficulty latching on due to the size of the breast. Other factors that negatively affect breastfeeding in overweight and obese women are higher rates of cesarean section. fetal macrosomia, pregnancy complications, breast great. baby blues. low maternal self-esteem, race, lack of support and support for breastfeeding described for this group of women. Although in the present literature review, this association between maternal excess weight and lactational performance was evidenced. further studies are needed to better explain the biological mechanisms and factors involved in this association.