A cidade no campo e o campo na cidade: contribuição para o estudo da organização espacial e política das zonas rurais do município de Nova Iguaçu

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the social, economic and spatial transformations occurred in the municipality of Nova Iguaçu from the point of view of the evolution of agriculture. Agricultural production historically marks the beginning of the occupation and settlement of the city. Today it is part of the Metropolitan Region of the city of Rio de Janeiro and is considered an urbanized city by IBGE. However, agricultural areas did not disappear, on the contrary, they continue playing an important role in the economy and in the configuration space. Our objective is to discuss the dichotomy between urban and rural areas, considering the association of the first, with the idea of modernity and the negative stereotyping of the second, defined as the space which hasn’t evolved. In order to achive this aim, we use as reference the Plano Diretor 1997, in which rural areas were excluded due to political interests and the Plano Diretor 2008, which rescues rural areas and ensures rigths yo its inhabitant. Amid the political conflicts we here analyse the agriculturer’s perceptions as well as the agricultural practices in this region of the periphery of the Baixada Fluminense also known as the buffer zone of the Federal Biological Reserve Tinguá.