Eficiência energética e energia solar fotovoltaica em prédios públicos no setor de educação no nordeste do Brasil: o caso da expansão do IFRN

Abstract

The global warming is today the most complex problems facing society at a global level. In 2016, electricity and heating generation accounted for most of the global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), with 42% of the total. This research had the effect of an Energy Efficiency, a light of sustainability, in terms of reduced energy demand and a Distributed Generation (GD) application and, consequently, GHG mitigation, in educational institutions, having expansion of the IFRN as a case study. An energy simulation was performed in a sample of the IFRN campus, having as reference the Regulation (RTQ-C). Regarding GD, a Life Cycle Assessment of 10 photovoltaic plants was carried out, with 1.1 MWp installed, and 2 years in operation. From the energy simulation performed, the campus were classified according to the Energy Efficiency Label (ENCE). Energy Pay-Back Time, Green House Gas Emission Rate (GHGe-rate) and Emission Pay-Back Time were. It was demonstrated the great influence in the results of the electrical matrix characteristics of the place where the PV systems were manufactured. It was possible to verify the reduction of the energy consumption for the buildings better classified in ENCE. In countries where the electricity matrix has a large share of renewable sources, such as Brazil, the incentive to use PV systems manufactured in nations whose electrical matrix registers high emission factors needs to be well evaluated for the impact on concentrations GHG and the promotion of Sustainable Development.