Perfil de mortalidade perinatal em uma maternidade do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

The perinatal mortality profile is a critical area of maternal and child health that requires a thorough investigation. This article seeks to explore the challenges faced, the trends identified and the future perspectives related to perinatal mortality. Objectives: To analyze the sociodemographic profile of perinatal mortality in a Maternity School in Rio de Janeiro; Identify the sociodemographic profile of perinatal deaths; Verify the cause of prevalent perinatal deaths and Identify acquired diseases in pregnant and postpartum women who experienced perinatal deaths in the Maternity School in question. Method: This is a documentary and exploratory study, of a quantitative nature, developed in a Federal Maternity School in the state of Rio de Janeiro, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. It was delimited as inclusion criteria: perinatal deaths that occurred between the period from January 2020 to December 2022 and as exclusion criteria: those in which information is ineligible, medical records unable to be located and fetuses incompatible with life. The data were tabulated through the Microsoft Office Excel program and with respect to the analysis, descriptive statistics were applied, having a global view of the variation of the values found. Results: A total of 213 deaths were found in the years 2020, 2021 and 2022, of which 86 in 2020, 66 deaths in 2021 and 62 in 2022. Of these 86 deaths in 2020, only 36 followed the criteria for inclusion of the research and 50 were excluded. Among the excluded there are: 10 medical records were not possible to be located, 20 deaths were of fetal incompatibility and 20 do not fit into the perinatal period. In 2021, of the 66 deaths, only 16 were validated for the research and 50 excluded, being 20 medical records impossible to locate, 14 were incompatibility with life and 16 outside the perinatal period. In the year 2022, 62 deaths were found, 17 within the inclusion criteria and 45 excluded, where 18 medical records were not located, 12 presenting incompatibility with life and 15 outside the period. Totaling the three years of study, 69 deaths were detected where all variables were quantified according to the study year and separated by their variables. Conclusion: A certain prevalence was found in the perinatal mortality profile of fetal form, of the race/pawn color, with the highest cause of death being anoxia intrauterus and without acquired disease during the gestational period.