Estudo em modelo reduzido, em material granular, do comportamento de sistemas de contenção, paredes ancoradas e solo reforçado, utilizando um tipo não convencional de reforço e ancoragem

Abstract

The present work presents and analyses the performance, simulated in small scale models, of retaining structures, anchored walls and reinforced earth. The anchorage and reinforcing elements used, a non conventional type, were studied under different configurations. The anchorages, as the reinforcing elements are made of small plates fixed along a steel cable. It is a rigid wall and the movement allowed is a rotation around the base. The variables analyzed were: - The plates size - The spacing between plates - The anchorage and the reinforcing elements length - The spacing between anchorages and between reinforcing elements. Pull out tests of isolated anchorages and determination of at rest, active and passive earth pressure of soil without presence of anchorages neither reinforcing elements were also made. The research allowed us the following information: l) Values of at rest, passive and active earth pressures, as well as the necessary wall displacement to reach the limit plastic equilibrium in compacted and uncompacted soils. Comparison with results obtained by other authors. 2) The pull out resistance of isolated anchorage and the patterns of failure observed as a function of depth. The performance of the anchorage as a function of its length. 3) The performance of different arrangements of anchorage groups. The group effect. The influence of plates spacing, of plates size and anchorage length in the group efficiency. The failure patterns abserved. The load-strain behavior of the wall. 4) The reinforcing influence over the active earth pressure as a function of: - Spacing between reinforcing elements. - Reinforcing element configuration. The failure patterns observed. The rupture displacement of the wall.