Causalidade do transporte aéreo doméstico de passageiros e a efetividade energética do combustível de aviação

Abstract

This thesis measures the causality between regular air transport and economic growth in Brazil and identifies, in the analysis of efficiency of the use of aviation fuel, guiding measures for policy makers and decision makers. The first stage shows the importance of air transport for the country's economic development and the second shows ways to mitigate the need for growth in the sector with the new sustainability scenario that is required for all countries on the Planet. The results confirm the hypothesis that there is a cointegration between air transport and economic growth, however it is a long- and short-term bidirectional causality for domestic and unidirectional long- and short-term economic growth for international air transport. In the second stage, fuel consumption and supply parameters of the domestic scheduled air transport service are considered, where the country's policies may be more effective and where the data are more complete. The opportunities for energy efficiency improvements were made clear by the high idle capacity observed in the use of aircraft on domestic flights. In this scenario, the need was identified to seek more effective policies regarding the use of aircraft transport capacity on domestic flights, especially regarding cargo transportation. The results indicate that one must seek sector sustainability policies that favor efficiency in the use of capacity.