Práticas grupais na atenção primária à saúde e suas contribuições para a melhoria da qualidade de vida da população idosa: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

This study analyzes the scientific production regarding the contributions of group practices developed in Primary Health Care (PHC) to improving the quality of life of the older population in Brazil. This is a literature review conducted using the Virtual Health Library and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases, including full-text publications in Portuguese from 2015 to 2025. The search strategy employed controlled and non-controlled descriptors related to older adults, group practices, and PHC. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies were selected for analysis. The findings indicate that group practices, such as social interaction groups, health education activities, physical activity groups, and therapeutic interventions, positively contribute to multiple dimensions of quality of life, including physical, psychological, social, and environmental aspects. Notable outcomes include strengthened social bonds, increased self-care knowledge, enhanced autonomy, social participation, and protagonism among older adults, as well as reduced social isolation and psychological distress. However, the studies also highlight challenges in implementing these practices, including structural barriers, access limitations, uneven adherence, and the need for professional training. The study concludes that group practices represent strategic devices for comprehensive care for older adults in PHC, emphasizing the importance of expanding scientific production and improving the qualification of these practices to enhance their impact on quality of life and healthy aging.