A gramática da forma como ferramenta de análise da arquitetura das casas de uma rua tombada no Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

The preservation of the built heritage in Brazil has evolved since the creation of IPHAN in 1937. In this context, there are preserved buildings that do not necessarily need to be maintained in their entirety to preserve their most important characteristics, which generates issues in the interventions to be made. Benevenuto Berna Street, in the Maracan neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro, exemplifies some of these: there are houses without a specific architectural style, but that are important to the neighborhood; and privately owned properties, where the responsibility to adhere to regulations lies with the owner. These two factors contribute to the difficulty in making design decisions in the case of preserved buildings. In an attempt to find a solution to this problem, the shape grammar method was studied in this work. Created by George Stiny and James Gips, shape grammar is a system capable of synthesizing characteristics of a work and reorganizing them in a way to generate new compositions. This thesis, therefore, utilizes shape grammar on a preserved street to generate new faÁade compositions for the street, and to prove that shape grammar is a system capable of solving problems in the intervention of historical heritage.