Desafios da política urbana municipal: como avaliar planos diretores do ponto de vista de sua efetividade?

Abstract

The master plan is a basic instrument for the development and expansion of municipalities, provided for in the Constitution of the Republic of 1988. The approval of the City Statute inaugurated a new moment for urban management by providing for a term and sanction for the public administrator to obligation to draw up the master plan. With the creation of the campaign of the Ministry of Cities "Participative Master Plan - City for all" between 2005 and 2006, there was a real flood of management plans until 2008. After more than 10 years of the beginning of the campaign and with the maturity of the mandatory review period of these plans, the current moment represents a great opportunity to carry out an evaluation of the experience of the plans. In this scenario, some questions arise: how should one assess the quality of these plans in addition to a purely textual analysis and what was actually implemented of the master plan in the municipalities studied? How to measure the adherence of the master plan to the socioeconomic and territorial reality of the municipality? How to construct an evaluation methodology that includes qualitative and quantitative indicators? Through the preliminary results obtained in the analysis of 15 municipalities in Rio de Janeiro, some indications of lack of effectiveness in the implementation of the master plans are already glimpsed. Thus, the article intends to investigate what would be the possible criteria used to analyze the degree of effectiveness of the master plans, which techniques and methods, or which indicators can be used as goals in the evaluation exercise of the master plans.