Hipertensão pulmonar na síndrome do anticorpo antifosfolipídeo: revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is defined by mean pulmonary artery pressure values higher than 2 0 mmHg. The formal diagnosis is made through invasive hemodynamic investigation by right heart catheterization. Initial clinical manifestations are nonspecific, requiring physicians' attention to its diagnosis and multiple presentations and etiologies. It is divided into five subtypes, with two being of greater importance for the scope of this work: PH type 1 and type 4 ; the two forms related to antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) or positivity of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Twenty-one scientific articles were selected from the PubMed, Google Scholar, and The New England Journal of Medicine databases from 2007 to 2022, highlighting the main contributions and conclusions of each study, while also emphasizing their different cohorts. The most effective and proven treatment is based on anticoagulation, though further studies are needed to better define future therapeutic possibilities. Thromboendarterectomy, a treatment modality for chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH), the most prevalent disease in group 4 PH, when indicated, should be evaluated and conducted by a multidisciplinary team in a tertiary referral center. Early recognition of PH is crucial to prevent the natural progression of the disease, requiring extensive medical knowledge combined with good clinical practice.