Simulação de eventos discretos aplicada à análise logística de terminais marítimos de petróleo

Abstract

Marine oil terminals are port facilities where tanker ships load and discharge oil, gas and derivatives, which are stored and transferred to demand points, which may be refineries, petrochemical industries or distribution centers. Ship-to-ship (STS) operations may also be carried out in these facilities. Existing restrictions can significantly affect terminal efficiency, which is associated with factors ranging from the operational window available for berthing to cargo transfer flow rates. One of the aspects that should be considered when deciding whether to invest in the management of specific restrictions is their impact on terminal costs or revenue. Discrete event simulation (DES) is a tool that makes this evaluation possible. In this way, the objective of this work was to develop a generic discrete event simulation model for logistic analysis of systems composed of a marine oil terminal, a refinery and its customers, and to apply it to the study of an existing system to demonstrate its capabilities of diagnosis and prognosis. The application of the model allowed the identification of opportunities for reduction of up to 49% in average of the total logistics cost per volume handled of the evaluated system. Each modeling step, the algorithmic structure of the model, its programming in a simulation environment, key performance indicators for the analysis of the system and the results of the case study are presented and discussed.