Fenomenologia da aceleração cósmica

Abstract

Since the 1990s, evidences for an acceleration of the universe have been growing. It is possible to find phenomenological propositions in the literature to explain the acceleration in the expansion of the Universe in which the authors present models to the deceleration parameter q, defined from the scale factor in the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker metric and its derivatives, without assume a specific gravitation model or detail the matter and energy content of the universe. In this work, we compile constraints from observables, such as type Ia supernovae (SNIa), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), cosmic chronometers (which provide measurements for Hubble parameter as a function of redshift H(z)) and cosmic microwave background (CMB), on different parametrizations for q proposed in the literature. We also show new constraints on the model proposed by ARCOS (Astrophysics, Relativity and COSmology) of IF-UFRJ, usually known as kinklike, using recent data for SNIa, from the PantheonPlus compilation, BAO from BOSS (Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey) and DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument), combined with CMB information from Planck, and H(z). This analysis gave us the opportunity for verifying, in a more general context, the alleged preference of recent data for models with dynamical (time varying) dark energy.