Biomass-to-chemicals in energy transition scenarios: the case of Brazil

Abstract

This thesis aims to contribute to a better representation of biomass in Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs), in order to assess the non-energy uses of biomass in the bioeconomy, associated with its energy uses. To this end, three studies were carried out with a focus on basic petrochemical products, the material needs associated with the energy transition, and the possible competition between biomass and oil products. The first study compares four ethylene production routes according to its estimated cost of production in Brazil. The second study further analyzes the relevance of the final disposal and the benefits of converting bioplastics into long-lived material. The third study consolidates previous studies and aims to advance the understanding of the role of biomass in energy transition scenarios in Brazil, through the inclusion of a petrochemical module in the Integrated Assessment Model of the Brazilian System for the Use of Land and Energy developed at COPPE and called BLUES. The results of the studies show that the production of biofuels under a scenario of carbon emission constrains co-generates products to produce biomaterials, replacing petrochemical naphtha, and that the transition in energy systems can also generate surplus hydrocarbons / carbohydrates that serve as raw material for the production of materials, as well.