Registro de profilaxia contra hepatite B nas notificações de episódios de violência sexual no estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013-2022

Abstract

Sexual violence is defined by the WHO as any sexual act, attempt to consummate a sexual act or unwanted sexual innuendo; or actions to commercialize or otherwise use a person's sexuality through coercion by another person, regardless of the relationship between the person and the victim, in any setting, including the home and the workplace. The Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV Infection, STIs and Viral Hepatitis, published by the Ministry of Health in 2024, recommends, in cases of sexual violence, the administration of the recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (HVB) and anti hepatitis B immunoglobulin. The objective of this study is to describe the frequency of registration of Hepatitis B prophylaxis in notifications of episodes of violence that occurred in the population residing in the State of Rio de Janeiro in the period from 2013 to 2022. This is a cross-sectional study using the database of notifications of interpersonal and self-inflicted violence from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), made available by the State of Rio de Janeiro in the periods from 2013 to 2022. All notifications of episodes of sexual violence that occurred in residents of the State of Rio de Janeiro in the period analyzed were included in the study. A total of 31,356 episodes of sexual violence were reported in the State of Rio de Janeiro, of which there was a predominance of females (88.7%), with a higher frequency of episodes of this type of violence among adolescents (36.1%). The most frequent occurrences were of mixed race and white skin color, with 37.2% and 30.0%, respectively. In only 16% of the reported episodes, the victims received prophylaxis for Hepatitis B. Although we know that women are the main victims of sexual violence, it is noted that most of the episodes had no record of prophylaxis for Hepatitis B. Therefore, it is essential that health professionals, health authorities and society as a whole understand the importance of prophylaxis for Hepatitis B as part of an integrated approach to care for victims of sexual violence. In addition to correctly filling out the form, it allows for an improvement in the quality of the records used by health surveillance.