Caracterização de peças à base de nanocompósitos de PLA, alumina, negro de fumo fabricadas utilizando tecnologia de impressão 3D

Abstract

3D printing plays an important role in the Industry 4.0 and presents versatility to use different materials including thermoplastics polymers. Polylactic acid (PLA), a bio-based biodegradable polymer, is used as a potential replacement for petroleum-based polymers in several applications and is one of the most popular polymers used in 3D printing. Inorganic/organic nanoparticles are incorporated into polymeric matrices to improve several properties such as toughness, mechanical strength, thermal stability and wear resistance. This work investigated the effect of carbon black (CB) and alumina (ALM) nanoparticles addition on thermal, mechanical and tribological properties of PLA nanocomposites produced by 3D printing for tribological applications. The good interaction between nanofillers and PLA matrix was revealed by the increase in viscosity of the nanocomposites. The nanocomposites containing 3%wt of nanofillers in the ratio of 25:75 ALM:NF showed the best mechanical and wear properties suggesting that there was synergism between nanofillers. It was possible to obtain hybrid nanocomposites filaments characterized by the adsorption of alumina on the carbon black surface. These results create a basis for selecting the most suitable nanofillers composition to be added to PLA matrix to obtain filaments capable of fabricating parts with better tribological properties than those composed of pure PLA.