Em busca do pleno emprego: aportes filosóficos, jurídicos e econômicos de um programa estado-empregador de última instância no Brasil

Abstract

The present work intends to develop philosophical, economic and political approaches to a state program that directly provides employment to all people who, of legal age, wish to work. To this end, it begins by verifying the philosophical and economic aspects of work in a general sense, after which it is established that the regular functioning of the capitalist structure produces unemployment as a phenomenon ineliminable by market instances. Next, the research is dedicated to anticipating three possible objections to a project of this size: the lack of budget availability, a possible inflationary issue and external restrictions. Subsequently, the work seeks to analyze similar program proposals already formulated as well as study the few concrete experiences of programs that directly provided employment. Finally, it analyzes the legal aspects of the program, the fiscal rules that constrain state fiscal policy and Bill 5491\19, which intends to establish an Employment Guarantee Program in Brazil.