Ação afirmativa no ensino superior: política de permanência dos negros (as) no curso de medicina e licenciatura educação física da UFRJ (2013-2023)

Abstract

This study analyzed the permanence and trajectories of quota students in Medicine and Physical Education courses at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) from 2013 to 2023. With the implementation of the Quota Law in 2012, which aimed to increase social and racial inclusion in Higher Education, this work aimed to evaluate the impact of these policies on two courses of different prestige, considering their respective characteristics and challenges. The methodology adopted included the application of questionnaires to 27 quota students, in order to collect data on motivations, academic experiences, socioeconomic profile and difficulties faced during graduation. The results indicated that the majority of Physical Education Degree students chose the course due to their personal interest in sport and teaching, while Medicine students were motivated by financial stability and family influences. The analysis also revealed that many quota students face financial challenges, long travel times and difficulties in accessing study materials, despite existing institutional support. Discrimination, both racially and due to being a quota member, was reported as a significant obstacle. The conclusion highlighted that, although quota policies have increased diversity and inclusion, there is still a need to improve financial and academic support to ensure the retention and success of quota students. Promoting a more inclusive and equitable educational environment is essential to sustaining advances and promoting equity in Higher Education.