Mitigação das emissões dos gases de efeito estufa pela implementação de políticas públicas de resíduos sólidos e mudanças climáticas no Brasil e no Estado e na cidade do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

This study presents the potential for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) that could be achieved by improving urban solid waste management and climate policy in Brazil, in the State of Rio de Janeiro and in the City of Rio de Janeiro, from 2020 to 2050. The basic data for the study was drawn from the national communications to UNFCCC and the GHG emissions inventories of the abovementioned geographic areas, through a method adapted from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Guidelines for National GHG Inventories to Brazilian circumstances. Thus, GHG emission scenarios were built by 2050, based on socioeconomic and technological growth estimates related to waste treatment. The emission abatement potential were calculated as their respective marginal costs as well as the potential gains of energy generation from waste treatments and respective carbon credits. The results indicate that the implementation of solid waste public policies, especially actions related to mitigation of GHG emissions, associated to energy recovery, do may enable the expansion of solid waste infrastructure in Brazilian municipalities in the coming decades.