Avaliação clinica e radiográfica da reparação pulpar e periodontal em dentes autotransplantados

Abstract

Fifty autotransplanted teeth in 43 individuals were clinic and radiographically analyzed, in order to understand pulpal and periodontal reparative phenomena, and to fundament the therapeutic procedures. Clinic exams of pulpal sensibility and periodontal conditions were made, as well as periapical radiographies of the transplanted teeth for pulpal and periodontal analysis. From the results was verified that: 1) There was, during the period, decrease of pulpal answers in the sensibility tests of transplanted teeth with incomplete rhizogenesis. There was also greater presence of pulpal calcifications and increase of radiopacity of light in radicular roots comparing to non-transplanted homologous teeth; 2) The occurrence of pulpal necrosis was, in great majority, related to the degree of radicular development. Radiographic signs of pulpal necrosis were more often in transplanted teeth with complete rhizogenesis; 3) Retraction and gingival bleeding were eventually found and related to bad mouth hygiene, not happening installation of periodontal pocket verified by sounding, nor pathological alterations of dental mobility; 4) The constatation of external radicular resorptions did not compromise the transplantation 's success; 5) Periapical radiographic images indicating periapicopathy were linked to pulpal necrosis. Those permitted us conclude that: 1) Reintegration of the transplanted tooth in its new site was considered a success in all specimens; 2) Transplanted teeth in incomplete rhizogenesis stages presented better results of pulpal reparation than transplanted teeth with complete rhizogenesis; 3) Dental transplantation is a therapeutic able to rehabilitate physiologic and esthetically traumatized patients with superior incisive loss; 4) The success of this therapeutic depends on observation of various factors, including a severe surgical contral.