O trabalho de entregas para empresas-plataformas digitais em disputa no congresso nacional: uma análise considerando questões raciais e proteção de dados

Abstract

In the context of the digitalization of society, the work of goods delivery for digital platforms emerges, involving companies that utilize the labor of individuals in situations of social and economic vulnerability. In Brazil, statistics indicate that the profile of delivery workers is predominantly composed of racialized individuals. Sociological and legal literature examines the phenomena of platformization from different perspectives, aiming to provide an understanding of the social consequences and issues arising from uberization, particularly related to the nature of the established legal relationship and the precarious working conditions. This research focuses on the debate concerning the regulation of delivery activities for platform companies within the National Congress. Considering the intersection between datafication, platformization, and the racialization of labor, the aim is to map the legislative proposals under consideration in both legislative houses, with the objective of identifying the concerns expressed by parliamentarians and various social and economic actors. To this end, categories and concepts from Critical Race Theory are mobilized to reflect on the systematized empirical material. Among the methodological procedures, a survey and cataloging of 174 bills concerning the phenomenon of delivery work for platform companies, presented to Congress between 2010 and 2023, were conducted. What do these bills say about data protection and labor protections for delivery workers? In conclusion, the research points to the absence of consistent formulations regarding data protection rights, insufficient debates on labor guarantees, and merely superficial references to racial issues.