Avanços e retrocessos na Política Nacional de Saúde Mental: uma análise das resoluções normativas sobre cuidado e a rede de atenção psicossocial no Brasil entre 2001 e 2018

Abstract

In recent decades, the Psychiatric Reform and Health Reform movements Brazilian consolidated the fight for the right of people in suffering or with disorders mental health in Brazil. Federal Law 10,216 of 2001 represents an important milestone in this process, enabling a greater incentive to the new care model and an increase in the number of alternative services for mental health care in the country. On the other hand, more recently, some of these achievements appear to be at risk. Since 2017, the Ministry of Health comes with proposals for successive amendments to the National Policy on Mental Health, presenting a series of setbacks in the model of care and psychosocial care in the country. Therefore, it is possible to observe the existence of a dispute of narratives, projects and interests in the construction of this model. This work aimed to analyze the ordinances and laws on the themes of care and psychosocial care within the scope of the Policy National Mental Health Program implemented in the country from 2001 to 2018, following progress and policy changes through documents that address care and psychosocial care. The analysis of the narratives of Brazilian normative resolutions was carried out from the method of documentary research, having emerged as the main categories analytical: the Conception of Madness; the Psychosocial Care Network; Strategies of Deinstitutionalization; and the Incentive to Therapeutic Communities. The study of narratives, the from the categories elaborated, it points out that the non-distinction between illness and psychological distress in the way of conceiving madness, it allows the performance of care practices that reveal a encouraging the return of asylums in public mental health policies in Brazil.