Tratamento de lesões mamilares com laserterapia de baixa potência

Abstract

Introduction: Nipple lesions are lesions that cause pain and result in early weaning, so their prevention and treatment are very important. Laser therapy has been a great help in puerperal women who are going through the process of nipple lesions. Goal:The objective of this study is to survey in the national and international literature, productions that show the use of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of nipple lesions in puerperal women during their breastfeeding process, as well as to describe how laser therapy is used and to raise the possible benefits. Methodology: This is an integrative review of the literature. Data collection was carried out through two searches. The first search took place in May 2022, in the following databases: LILACS, MEDLINE and EMBASE and on the CAPES journal portal. To broaden the scope of results, in December 2022 a new search was conducted on Google Scholar. Publications between the years 2011 and 2022, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, which had the full text available in full, were included. Journal commentaries and editorials, abstracts, books, and review articles were excluded. Findings: A total of 08 articles were selected and all of them are restricted to the Brazilian territory. At least half of the sample (04 articles) were published in 2022, showing that laser therapy in the treatment of nipple lesions is a very recent phenomenon in the literature. The most common methodology was descriptive studies, followed by randomized clinical trials. Half of the sample (04 of the articles) were published in 2022, showing that laser therapy in the treatment of nipple lesions is a very recent phenomenon in the literature. The most common methodology was descriptive studies, followed by randomized clinical trials. Half of the sample (04 of the articles) found were classified in at least 1 of the 2 highest levels of evidence. Discussion: discussed laser therapy for pain control and promotion of healing of nipple lesions, and the challenges to implementation of laser therapy in the treatment of nipple lesions. Laser therapy is faster and more effective when compared to other isolated measures for healing, such as medications or guidance on the correct latch, but it still faces challenges such as lack of information and knowledge of professionals and patients, access to technology and the need for professional training. Final considerations: It has been found that the combination of low-level laser therapy and safe breastfeeding practices, including Proper latching and management, provides effective relief from pain caused by nipple trauma. With just one application, this painless treatment involving rapid low-level laser applications to the nipple fissure has demonstrated successful healing results.